PISONICS| Xi’an Pisonics
PS7110 Series
Online Refractive Concentration Meter
Optical Refraction · Fully Isolated · Real-Time Concentration
Product OverviewProduct Overview
PS7110 Series Online Refractive Concentration Meteris a non-contact optical measurement instrument developed by Xi’an Pisonics Information Technology Co., Ltd. (PISONICS) for real-time concentration monitoring in industrial processes. The meter is based onthe principle of the critical angle of total internal reflection of light in liquidsand, through high-resolution spectral acquisition and temperature-compensation algorithms, precisely converts the refractive index of a liquid into concentration (Brix, %, or a custom scale), making it suitable for numerous industries such as petrochemicals, food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, papermaking, chemicals, batteries, and mineral processing.
The meter is equipped with an optically graded sapphire prism and a CCD array detection system. The prism’s liquid-contact surface features an all‑flat, groove‑free design, ensuring that during operationthere are no mechanical movements, no consumable reagents, and no interference from bubbles, solid impurities, color, turbidity, or viscosity. It delivers stable measurements with an accuracy of ±0.5% across the entire 0–100% concentration range and has been deployed in hundreds of process sites—such as denitrification ammonia water, acid‑alkali concentration blending, alcohol distillation, fruit sugar syrups, and battery electrolytes—for long‑term, reliable operation.
Measurement PrincipleHow It Works
Refraction is a physical phenomenon: when light passes from one medium into another, its direction changes, and the degree of deflection depends on the difference in refractive indices between the two media.The refractive index is directly proportional to the concentration (mixing ratio) of a liquid: for example, in two 100‑ml aqueous solutions, the one containing 20 g of sugar will have a significantly higher refractive index than the one with only 10 g. This relationship has been thoroughly validated across most industrial solutions, including sucrose, alcohol, acids, alkalis, and electrolytes.
The PS7110 operates as follows: an LED light sourceemits a stable monochromatic beam that is guided via an optical fiber into a sapphire prism. Upon reaching the interface between the prism and the liquid medium, depending on the liquid’s refractive index at that point, part of the light is totally reflected back to the opposite side of the prism, whilethe position of the totally reflected light is determined by the critical angle. A CCD arrayprecisely detects the location of the totally reflected light at the bright‑dark boundary—each position corresponds to a unique refractive index. After compensation by the built‑in temperature sensor, an accurate concentration reading is obtained.
In field applications, because the PS7110 relies solely onthe geometric position of light(i.e., the bright‑dark boundary on the CCD) to determine concentration, even if the liquid contains abundant bubbles, suspended particles, or is highly colored or turbid, the measurement remains unaffected—this is the fundamental difference between refractive‑based and conventional optical transmission meters:
Figure 1: PS7110’s fully isolated refractive measurement principle—particles, bubbles, color, and turbidity do not interfere with concentration readings
→ the higher the liquid concentration, the greater the refractive index, and the critical angle of total reflection shifts accordingly, altering the position of the bright‑dark boundary on the CCD; the concentration signal is derived directly from “the geometry of light,” soit is completely immune to the influence of medium color, turbidity, bubbles, flow rate, and pressure fluctuations.
Core Technical AdvantagesCore Advantages
No. | Key Technologies / Features | Customer Value |
1 | Principle of Optical Total Internal Reflection Critical Angle | No mechanical moving parts, no reagents or consumables, and an all‑flat‑surface prism design ensure long‑term stability and maintenance‑free operation |
2 | All-phase isolation measurement | Unaffected by the color, turbidity, viscosity, bubbles, solid impurities, or crystalline formations of the material being measured |
3 | Process Immunity | Unaffected by liquid pressure fluctuations, flow surges, or turbulence, the output remains continuous and stable |
4 | Optical-grade sapphire prism | Mohs hardness of 9, resistant to acid and alkali corrosion and scratch-proof, with a service life of several years or more |
5 | High Precision and High Resolution | Measurement accuracy ±0.5%, repeatability ±0.2%, resolution 0.00002 RI / 0.02 Brix |
6 | Wide-range free calibration | 0–100% full-scale range, customizable to a specific Brix/RI/concentration range for the customer’s particular solution |
7 | Bluetooth + Android APP | View concentration, temperature, refractive index, fault codes, and perform one‑click zeroing with a single tap on your smartphone |
8 | Multi-mode signal output | 4–20 mA × 1 channel + RS-485 (MODBUS-RTU) + 2-channel digital output |
9 | Rich process interfaces | A variety of adapters, including sanitary clamp connections, flanges, small-diameter fittings, and tee self-cleaning units, enable flexible integration into process pipelines |
10 | Optional automatic cleaning module | Optional CYR-Wiper pneumatic brush automatically removes oil films or scale from the prism surface, enabling continuous operation without shutdown |
11 | Built-in alarm | Supports high- and low-concentration alarms and relay outputs, enabling interlocking with process equipment for automated control |
12 | Explosion-proof / Integrated Design | Optional Ex d ⅡC T6 Gb explosion-proof model; probe and transmitter integrated, with IP65 industrial protection |
Compared with Traditional SolutionsWhy PS7110
Addressing the pain points of online concentration monitoring in industrial processes—laboratory off‑line lag, transmission‑type meters affected by color/turbidity, signal loss due to bubbles, and high cleaning/maintenance costs—the PS7110,凭借refractive critical angle principle and the sapphire prism’s all‑flat structure, achieves comprehensive superiority in three key areas: anti‑interference capability, real‑time performance, and maintenance cost.
Comparison Dimensions | Laboratory Abbe Refractometer | Optical Transmission / Colorimetric Method | PS7110 Online Refractometer |
Measurement Method | Offline manual sampling | Transmissive light-intensity measurement | Online Total Internal Reflection Critical Angle |
Real-Time Performance | Large lag, sparse data points | Online, but prone to drift | Real-time continuous measurement, results available instantly |
Color / Turbidity Interference | Sample clarification required | Significantly affected | Completely non-invasive |
Bubble / Crystal Interference | Degassing filtration required | Signal loss or deviation | Non-interfering, no signal loss |
Maintenance Costs | High labor costs | Frequent cleaning / calibration required | Maintenance-free, with optional automatic cleaning |
Total Life-Cycle Cost | High | Medium | Significantly Better |
Typical Application ScenariosTypical Applications
- Denitrification Industry Online monitoring of ammonia water concentration (0–30%), enabling precise control of SCR/SNCR ammonia injection rates
- Food and Beverage Online detection of Brix concentration in grape juice, tomato juice, fruit sugar syrups, vegetable oils, and soft drinks; monitoring of milk solids content in dairy products
- Brewing/Pharmaceutical Industries On‑site quality control of baijiu, beer, and wine fermentation; continuous monitoring of traditional Chinese medicine extract concentration and alcohol recovery
- Chemicals Online measurement of density/concentration in urea, detergents, ethylene glycol, acids/alkalis, and polymer solutions
- Battery Industry Precise control of lithium hydroxide, electrolyte, and sulfuric acid solution concentrations
Papermaking / Minerals Concentration monitoring for caustic‑alkali recovery; concentration measurement of clay, carbonate, and silicate slurries
Petrochemical Refining Real‑time refractive‑index monitoring during petroleum processing, refining, and blending—supporting formulation and switching control
Biopharmaceuticals Online concentration monitoring of mining brines, potash solutions, and biofermentation broths
Wetted Material Compatibility ReferenceWetted Material Compatibility
Based on the chemical properties and concentration of the liquid being measured, the PS7110 offers a range of wetted‑part materials, including SUS316L, Hastelloy C‑276, titanium alloy, zirconium, and PTFE. The table below provides compatibility recommendations for common media (not an exhaustive list; for special conditions, please consult our engineers for evaluation):
Category | Name | Molecular Formula | Concentration (%) | 316L | Hastelloy Alloy | titanium alloy | Zirconium | PTFE |
Acid | Hydrochloric acid (without hydrofluoric acid) | HCl | 0–40 | × | ○ | × | ☆ | ☆ |
Sulfuric acid | H₂SO₄ | 0–50 | ○ | ☆ | ○ | ☆ | ☆ | |
sulfuric acid | H₂SO₄ | 50–75 | × | ○ | × | ○ | ☆ | |
Sulfuric acid | H₂SO₄ | 75–98 | ○ | ☆ | ○ | ○ | ☆ | |
Nitric acid | HNO₃ | 0–100 | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ☆ | |
Phosphoric acid | H₃PO₄ | 0–98 | × | × | × | × | ☆ | |
Alkali | sodium hydroxide | NaOH | 0–50 | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ○ | ☆ |
Potassium hydroxide | KOH | 0–50 | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ○ | ☆ | |
calcium hydroxide | Ca(OH)₂ | 0–50 | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ○ | ☆ | |
Salt | Sodium chloride | NaCl | 0–50 | × | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ |
ammonium chloride | NH₄Cl | 0–50 | × | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | |
ammonium sulfate | (NH₄)₂SO₄ | 0–50 | × | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | ☆ | |
Others | urea | (NH₂)₂CO | 0–100 | ☆ | ☆ | ○ | ☆ | ☆ |
Sodium hypochlorite | NaOCl | 0–16 | × | ○ | × | ☆ | ☆ | |
hydrogen peroxide | H₂O₂ | 0–90 | ☆ | ☆ | ○ | ☆ | ☆ |
☆ Recommended ○ Use within specified concentration and temperature limits × Not recommended
Technical Specifications at a GlanceTechnical Specifications
Item | Specifications |
Product Model | PS7110 Series Online Refractive Index Concentration Meter |
Measurement Parameters | Refractive index (RI), temperature, Brix (or custom concentration scale) |
Measurement Range | 1.3200 ~ 1.3920 RI / 0.0 ~ 35.0 % Brix (standard) / 0~100% freely calibrated |
Measurement Accuracy | ± 0.5% (concentration); ± 0.00017 RI / ± 0.15 Brix |
Repeatability | ± 0.2% |
Resolution | 0.00002 RI / 0.02 Brix |
Temperature Coefficient (Calibrated) | 0.001 % / ℃ |
Pressure Influence | Already calibrated; negligible |
Temperature Compensation Range | 5 ~ 70 ℃ (built-in temperature chip) |
Process Temperature | –10 ℃ ~ +60 ℃ (high-temperature models can reach +70 ℃) |
Ambient Temperature | –10 ℃ ~ +45 ℃ |
Maximum Working Pressure | 0.8 MPa (the actual value is limited by the process connection rating, ≤ 1 MPa) |
Test Pressure | 1.5 times the maximum working pressure |
Liquid Viscosity | ≤ 500 cP |
Flow Velocity Requirements | ≥ 1.5 m/s (recommended to prevent fouling on the prism surface) |
Prism material | Optical-grade sapphire |
Wetted materials | SUS316L, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE); optional materials include Hastelloy C-276, titanium, zirconium, and 2205 duplex stainless steel |
Housing Material | Aluminum alloy / SUS304 / SUS316 (optional) |
Display Parameters | Sample concentration, sample temperature, refractive index, motherboard temperature, motherboard humidity |
Data Interaction | Bluetooth communication module + Android mobile app |
Input Power Supply | DC 24V，50 mA |
Signal Output | 4–20 mA + RS-485 (MODBUS-RTU) + 2-channel switch output |
Wiring Method | four-wire system |
Protection Level | IP65 |
Explosion-proof rating | Ex d ⅡC T6 Gb (optional) |
Process Connection | Sanitary clamp / DN80 flange / 3.5″ clamp / small-diameter pipe adapter (304, 316L, etc.) |
Cleaning Options | CYR-Wiper Pneumatic Brush Automatic Cleaning Assembly (Optional) |
Other Functions | Fault code alerts, one‑key zeroing, factory reset |
External Dimensions | Ø 109 × 77 mm |
Overall Weight | Approx. 1.15 kg |
Product ConfigurationProduct Configuration
Order code format:
PS7110 ─ [Measured Medium] ─ [Measurement Range] ─ [Insertion Length] ─ [Process Connection] ─ [Wetted‑Part Material] ─ [Cleaning Device] ─ [Protection Rating] ─ [Accessories]
Selection Criteria | Code | Description |
Measured Medium | A / B / C / D / E / X | A=ammonia solution B=urea C=DMF D=Glauber’s salt E=sodium hydroxide X=other (please specify when ordering) |
Measurement Range | R1 / R2 / RX | R1=0~40% R2=0~100% RX=Other (please specify when ordering) |
Insertion Length | L1 / LX | L1=75 mm LX=Other (please specify when ordering) |
Process Interface | A / B / X | A = DN80 flange B = 3.5″ sanitary clamp X = other specifications |
Wetted materials | 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / X | 1=316L 2=Hastelloy C-276 3=titanium 4=PTFE X=other |
Cleaning Device | N / C | N = without cleaning device; C = with CYR-Wiper pneumatic brush for automatic cleaning |
Protection / Explosion-proof | P0 / P1 | P0 = IP65 standard type P1 = Ex d ⅡC T6 Gb explosion-proof type |
Attachment | F0 / F1 / F2 / F3 / F4 / X | F0=No accessory F1=Straight tee F2=Elbow tee F3=90° self-cleaning F4=Three-valve with flushing X=Other |
Ordering Example:PS7110-A-R1-L1-B-1-N-P0-F1 → Measures ammonia solution (0–40%), insertion length 75 mm, 3.5″ sanitary clamp connection, 316L wetted parts, no cleaning function, IP65 protection, straight tee installation. |
Optical Precision· Real-Time Concentration
※ For custom non‑standard ranges, special wetted‑part materials, explosion‑proof models, or detailed configuration guidance, please contact the technical engineers at Xi’an Pisonics.
